Understanding Nasal Breathing: the key to evaluating and treating sleep disordered breathing in adults and children
Abstract
Abstract
Nasal breathing is a basic and critical function that we rarely think much about, and most would be quite surprised to learn how important and influential it is in growth and development, and a healthy productive life. Fundamentally speaking, nasal breathing provides us with a sense of smell, enhances oxygen absorption by our lungs (via nitric oxide production from the sinuses, warms and humidifies the air we breathe before it reaches the lower airway, and helps filter impurities from the air. However, it is also responsible for proper craniofacial development, temporo-mandibular joint function head posture and more. When nasal breathing does not occur for any reason, the body is forced into a series of compromises that prioritize getting oxygen into our blood at the expense of the functions provided by the nasal breathing. Because oxygen is required for survival, we are forced to live with a host of acquired health issues as a consequence of chronic or intermittent mouth breathing. One such consequence, known as sleep disordered breathing (SDB), is becoming pandemic in children, and directly affects their growth, development, intellect, academic performance, behavior, and much more. In the article, we will review the causes of nasal obstruction, and how it relates to craniofacial development and palatal growth, the development of ADD and ADHD, and new minimally invasive dental, nasal and airway procedures to correct the problem. On this review we will assess the different symptoms and causes, as palate shape changes or tonsils disease. Also a quick view about available therapeutic approaches will be done, including minimal invasive nasal surgery as well support devices as linguaflex an CPAP.
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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03181594.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18103/imr.v4i6.725
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