An Internist’s Approach to Constipation due to Dyssynergic Defecation

Nishita Patel, Asyia Ahmad

Abstract


Dyssynergic Defecation is a common cause of constipation and should be included in the differential diagnoses for any patient that does not respond to laxatives. Although, a gastroenterologist is best suited to evaluate DD, with proper education it can be quickly suspected by primary care physicians. Patients that present with chronic constipation and have incomplete evacuation or utilize manual maneuvers for stooling have a high likelihood of having DD and should have an early referral to a specialist. With advances in the diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium, DD can be thoroughly evaluated and successfully treated. A multispecialty approach which includes a an internist, gastroenterologist, colorectal surgeon, urogynecologist, sports medicine specialist, physical medicine and rehabilitation physician and a physical therapist yields the best success for managing these challenging patients.


Keywords


Dyssynergic Defecation, Pelvic Floor Dysfunction, Anismus

Full Text:

 Subscribers Only

References


Higgins PDR, Johanson JF. Epidemiology of constipation in North America: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;99( 4):750-759.

Pacini F, Calabrese C, Cipolletta L, et al. Burden of illness in Italian patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Curr Med Res Opin 2005; 21: 495-502.

Yost KJ, Haan MN, Levine RA, et al. Comparing SF-36 scores across three groups of women with different health profiles. Qual Life Res 2005; 14: 1251-61.

Chang L, Toner BB, Fukudo S, et al. Gender, age, society, culture, and the patient's perspective in the functional gastrointestinal disorders. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 1435-46.

American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: guidelines on constipation. Gastroenterology. 2000;119:1761-1778.

WG, Chey WD, et al. Functional bowel disorders. Gastroenterology.2006;130:1480-1491.

Rao SS,Tuteja AK,Vellema T,et al.Dyssynergic defecation: demographics,symptoms, stool patterns, and Quality of life .J Clin Gastroencerol. 2004;38(8):680-685.

Chaussade S, Khyari A, Roche H, et al. Determination of total and segmental colonic transit time in constipated patients. Dig Dis Sci. 1989;34(8):1168-1172.

Abdulhakim G, Lindberg G, Nilsson LH, et al. Clinical value of symptom assessment in patients with constipation. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999;42:1401-1410.

Preston DM, Leonard-Jones JE. Severe chronic constipation of young women: idiopathic slow transit constipation. Gut. 1986;27:41-48.

Abdulhakim G, Lindberg G, Ni lsson LH, et al. Clinical value of symptom assessment in patients with constipation. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999;42:1401-1410.

Rao SS, Tuteja AK, Vellema T, et al. Dyssynergic defecation: demographics, symptoms, stool patterns, and quality of life.J Clin Gastroencerol. 2004;38(8):680-685.

Abdulhakim G, Lindberg G, Ni lsson LH, et al. Clinical value of symptom assessment in patients with constipation. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999;42:1401-1410.

Koch A, Voderhozer WA, K lauser AG, Muller-Lissner S. Symptoms in chronic constipat ion. Dis Colon

Rectum. 1997;40(8):902-906.

Abdulhakim G, Lindberg G, Ni lsson LH, et al. Clinical value of symptom assessment in patients with constipation. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999;42:1401-1410.

Rao SS, Tuteja AK, Vellema T, et al. Dyssynergic defecation: demographics, symptoms, stool patterns, and quality of life . J Clin Gastroencerol. 2004;38(8):680-685.

Memon HU, Handa VL. Vaginal childbirth and pelvic floor disorders. Women’s health (London, England). 2013;9(3):10.

Rao SS, Tuteja AK, Vellema T, et al. Dyssynergic defecat ion: demographics, symptoms, stool patterns, and quality of life .J Clin Gastroencerol. 2004;38(8):680-685.

Wang CP, Sung WH et al. Early recognition of pelvic floor dyssynergia and colorectal assessment in Parkinson’s Disease associated with bowel dysfunction. Colorectal Disease 2013;15: e130–e137.

Mahajan S, James Rebecca et al. Pelvic Floor Disorders and Multiple Sclerosis. Int J MS Care 2014 Spring; 16(1):20-25.

De Ridder D, Vermeulen C, De Smet E, Van Poppel H, Ketelaer P, Baert L. Clinical assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: urodynamic and neurological correlates. Neurourology and urodynamics. 1998;17:537-542.

Brandt L.J.,Prather C.M.,Quigley E.M., et al. Systematic review on the management of chronic constipation in North America. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;100(1)S5-S21.

Videlock, E. J., Lembo, A. and Cremonini, F. (2013), Diagnostic testing for dyssynergic defecation in chronic constipation: meta-analysis. Neurogastroenterology & Motility, 25: 509–e370.

Soh Jae, Lee Hyo, Jung Kee. The Diagnostic Value of a Digital rectal examination compared with high-resolution anorectal manometry in pateints with chronic constipation and fecal incontinence.Am J Gastro.2015;110:1197-1204.

Wong Reuben, Drossman Douglas et al. The Digital Rectal Examination: A multicenter survey of physicians' and students' perceptions and practice patterns.Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107:1157-1163.

Rao Satish. Constipation: evaluation and treatment of colonic and anorectal motility disorders. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2007 Sep; 36(3):687-711.

Minguez M , Herreros B , Sanchiz V et al. Predictive value of the balloon expulsion test for excluding the diagnosis of pelvic floor dyssynergia in constipation . Gastroenterology 2004;126 : 57 – 62.

Rao Satish. Dyssynergic Defecation and Biofeedback Therapy. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2008 Sep; 37(3):569-586.

Chiarioni G , Whitehead WE , Pezza V et al. Biofeedback is superior to laxatives for normal transit constipation due to pelvic floor dyssynergia . Gastroenterology 2006 ; 130 : 657 – 64.

Heymen S , Scarlett Y , Jones K et al. Randomized, controlled trial shows biofeedback to be superior to alternative treatments for patients with pelvic floor dyssynergia-type constipation . Dis Colon Rectum 2007 ; 50 : 428 – 41.

Chiotakakou-Faliakou E , Kamm MA , Roy AJ et al. Biofeedback provides long term benefit for patients with intractable, slow and normal transit constipation . Gut 1998 ; 42 : 517 – 21 .

Randomized Controlled Trial of Biofeedback, Sham Feedback, and Standard Therapy for Dyssynergic Defecation. Clinical Gastro 2007;5:331–338.

Rao et al. Long-Term Efficacy of Biofeedback Therapy for Dyssynergic Defecation: Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105:890-896.

Hompes R, Harmston C, Wijffels N, Jones OM, Cunningham C, Lindsey I (2012) Excellent response rate of anismus to botulinum toxin if rectal prolapse misdiagnosed as anismus(‘pseudoanismus’) is excluded. Colorectal Dis 14(2):224–230.

Faried M, El Nakeeb A, Youssef M, Omar W, El Monem HA (2010) Comparative study between surgical and non-surgical treatment of anismus in patients with symptoms of obstructed defecation: a prospective randomized study. J Gastrointest Surg 14 (8):1235–1243.

Farid M, El Monem HA, Omar W et al (2009) Comparative study between biofeedback retraining and botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of anismus patients. Int J Colorectal Dis 24(1):115–120.

Joo JS, Agachan F, Wolff B, Nogueras JJ, Wexner SD (1996) Initial North American experience with botulinum toxin type A for treatment of anismus. Dis Colon Rectum 39(10):1107–1111.

Heymen S , Scarlett Y , Jones K et al. Randomized, controlled trial shows biofeedback to be superior to alternative treatments for patients with pelvic floor dyssynergia-type constipation . Dis Colon Rectum 2007 ; 50 : 428 – 41 .

Rogalski, M.J., Kellogg-Spadt, S., Hoffmann, A.R., Fariello, J.Y., & Whitmore, K.E. (2010). Retrospective chart review of vaginal diazepam suppository use in high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction. International Urogynecology Journal, 21(7), 895–899.

Beco J . Interest of retro-anal levator plate myorrhaphy in selected cases of descending perineum syndrome with positive anti-sagging test . BMC Surg 2008;8:13.

Nieminen K , Hiltunen KM , Laitinen J et al. Transanal or vaginal approach to rectocele repair: a prospective, randomized pilot study . Dis Colon Rectum 2004 ; 47 : 1636 – 42.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18103/imr.v0i3.69

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright 2016. All rights reserved.