Advances in Systemic Treatment for Patients with SCLC
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) shows the fastest clinical course in lung cancer. Although the advances have been gradually, recently reported median survival times have prolonged probably by improved management of patients.
In patients with ED-SCLC patients, cisplatin and etoposide (EP) had been as a standard treatment. Based on JCOG 9511 and following meta-analyses, cisplatin and irrinotecan (IP) has become standard. A randomized trial was conducted comparing amrubicin and cisplatin (AP) to IP for ED-SCLC patients. OS was better in IP compared to AP statistically. In elderly ED-SCLC patients, amrubicine was compared with carboplatin and etoposide. However, amrubicine had more toxic because of the dose problem.
Standard treatment for LD-SCLC patients is regarded as EP with early concurrent chmoradiotherapy (CRT). JCOG 0202 was conducted to compare IP and EP as the consolidation therapy method after CRT. The OS from randomization did not differ between the two groups. EP still remains standard treatment method for LD-SCLC.
Supportive care and communication are important factors. Our team conducted a randomized trial of communication skill training (CST) using SHARE protocol with role playing in staff oncologists. CST is useful for both patients and oncologists.
The discovery of new driver gene targets needs the elucidation of cell signaling transduction in SCLC. Several target therapy and immunotherapy is under clinical trial as promising treatment option as same as NSCLC. The progress of SCLC is ongoing slowly but steadily. It is necessary that the choice of treatment should be determined based on effective communication with patients. We need more efforts to improve patients’ prognosis and QOL continuously.
Keywords
Full Text:
Subscribers OnlyReferences
[References]
(1) Aisner J, Alberto P, Bitran J, et al. Role of chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer: a consensus report of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer workshop. Cancer Treat Rep 1983;67:37-43.
(2) Pujol JL1, Carestia L, Daurès JP. Is there a case for cisplatin in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer? A meta-analysis of randomized trials of a cisplatin-containing regimen versus a regimen without this alkylating agent. Br J Cancer 2000;83:8-15.
(3) Noda K, Nishiwaki Y, Kawahara M, et al. Irinotecan plus cisplatin compared with etoposide plus cisplatin for extensive small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 2002;346:85-91.
(4) Lara PN Jr, Natale R, Crowley J, et al. Phase III Trial of Irinotecan/Cisplatin Compared With Etoposide/Cisplatin in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Clinical and Pharmacogenomic Results From SWOG S0124. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:2530–2535.
(5) Hanna N, Bunn PA Jr, Langer C, et al. Randomized phase III trial comparing irinotecan/cisplatin with etoposide/cisplatin in patients with previously untreated extensive-stage disease small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24:2038-43.
(6) Zatloukal P, Cardenal F, Szczesna A, et al. A multicenter international randomized phase III study comparing cisplatin in combination with irinotecan or etoposide in previously untreated small-cell lung cancer patients with extensive disease. Ann Oncol 2010;21:1810-6.
(7) Jiang L, Yang KH, Mi DH, et al. Safety of irinotecan/cisplatin versus etoposide/cisplatin for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a metaanalysis. Clin Lung Cancer 2007;8:497-501.
(8) Jiang J, Liang X, Zhou X, et al. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing irinotecan/platinum with etoposide/platinum in patients with previously untreated extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2010;5:867-73.
(9) Lima JP, dos Santos LV, Sasse EC, et al. Camptothecins compared with etoposide in combination with platinum analog in extensive stage small cell lung cancer: systematic review with meta-analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2010;5:1986-93.
(10) O'Brien ME, Ciuleanu TE, Tsekov H, et al. Phase III trial comparing supportive care alone with supportive care with oral topotecan in patients with relapsed small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:5441-7.
(11) Satouchi M, Kotani Y, Shibata T, et al. Phase III study comparing amrubicin plus cisplatin with irinotecan plus cisplatin in the treatment of extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer: JCOG 0509. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:1262-8.
(12) Sekine I, Okamoto H, Horai T, et al. A randomized phase III study of single-agent amrubicin vs. carboplatin/etoposide in elderly patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer 2014;15:96-102.
(13) von Pawel J, Jotte R, Spigel DR, Randomized phase III trial of amrubicin versus topotecan as second-line treatment for patients with small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:4012-9.
(14) Jeremic B, Shibamoto Y, Acimovic L, et al. Initial versus delayed accelerated hyperfractionated radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy in limited small-cell lung cancer: a randomized study. J Clin Oncol 1997;15:893-900.
(15) Fried DB, Morris DE, Poole C, et al. Systematic review evaluating the timing of thoracic radiation therapy in combined modality therapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2004;22:4837-45.
(16) Pijls-Johannesma M, De Ruysscher D, Vansteenkiste J, et al. Timing of chest radiotherapy in patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Cancer Treat Rev 2007;33:461-73.
(17) Turrisi AT 3rd, Kim K, Blum R, et al. Twice-daily compared with once-daily thoracic radiotherapy in limited small-cell lung cancer treated concurrently with cisplatin and etoposide. N Engl J Med 1999;34:265-71.
(18) Takada M, Fukuoka M, Kawahara M, et al. Phase III study of concurrent versus sequential thoracic radiotherapy in combination with cisplatin and etoposide for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: results of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study 9104. J Clin Oncol 2002;20:3054-60.
(19) Kubota K, Hida T, Ishikura S, et al. Etoposide and cisplatin versus irinotecan and cisplatin in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer treated with etoposide and cisplatin plus concurrent accelerated hyperfractionated thoracic radiotherapy（JCOG0202）a randomised phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol 2014;15:106-13.
(20) Temel JS, Greer JA, Muzikansky A, et al. Early palliative care for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 2010;363:733-42.
(21) Baile WF, Buckman R, Lenzi R, et al. SPIKES-A six-step protocol for delivering bad news: application to the patient with cancer. Oncologist 2000;5:302-11.
(22) Fujimori M, Shirai Y, Asai M, et al. Effect of communication skills training program for oncologists based on patient preferences for communication when receiving bad news: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:2166-72.
(23) Saunders LR, Bankovich AJ, Anderson WC, et al. DLL3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate eradicates high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor-initiating cells in vivo. Sci Transl Med 2015;7:302ra136.
(24) Rudin CM, Pietanza MC, Bauer TM, et al. Safety and efficacy of single-agent rovalpituzumab tesirine (SC16LD6.5), a delta-like protein 3 (DLL3)-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) in recurrent or refractory small cell lung cancer (SCLC). J Clin Oncol 34, 2016 (suppl; abstr LBA8505).
(25) Reck M, Luft A, Szczesna A, et al. Phase III Randomized Trial of Ipilimumab Plus Etoposide and Platinum Versus Placebo Plus Etoposide and Platinum in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2016;34:3740-3748.
(26) Antonia SJ, López-Martin JA, Bendell J, et al. Nivolumab alone and nivolumab plus ipilimumab in recurrent small-cell lung cancer (CheckMate 032): a multicentre, open-label, phase 1/2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2016;17:883-95.
(27) Antonia SJ, Bendell JC, Taylor MH, et al. Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) in patients (pts) with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC): Preliminary safety and efficacy results from KEYNOTE-028. J Clin Oncol 33, 2015 (suppl; abstr 7502).
(28) DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 9th edition.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18103/imr.v3i1.301
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.